The Curious Conundrum of Freud’s Persistent Influence

Click Here to Read:  The Curious Conundrum of Freud’s Persistent Influence, review of Freud : The Making of an Illusion By Frederick Crews, Reviewed By George ProchnikK in The New York Times on August 14, 2017.

Matt Dorfman/photograph from Bettmann Archive, via Getty Images

Click here to Read: Psychoanalysis after Freud: A Response to Frederick Crews and Other Critics by Glen O. Gabbard, Sheldon M. Goodman, and Arnold D. Richards, which was previously published as Glen O. Gabbard, Sheldon M. Goodman, and Arnold D. Richards (Summer 1995). Psychoanalysis after Freud: A Response to Frederick Crews and Other Critics. Psychoanalytic Books, 6(2), 155-173, and appears with the authors’ permission.

On Fascism from the Pleasures of Owning Persons by Volney Gay

Click Here to Purchase: On the Pleasures of Owning Persons by Volmey Gay from IPBooks.

Fascist leaders disdain the very idea of “thinking”—what I have termed integrative responsiveness—about politics or any other event. When asked by socialist politicians to explain his position, Benito Mussolini—who saw himself as Hitler’s mentor—replied, “The Socialists ask what is our program? Our program is to smash the skulls of the Socialists.” In “The Doctrine of Fascism” (1932), Mussolini used ten thousand words to describe the same solution. Writing for the Italian Encyclopedia, Mussolini proclaimed that Fascism made philosophic reasoning (a type of integrative thinking) unnecessary: “Fascism is action and it is thought.” Or, as he put it, Fascists are not violent men, though many do “belong to the restless but meditative class.”
Mussolini blamed the catastrophe of World War I upon liberals and their false doctrines, especially the sanctity of the individual. The (Jewish, Christian) notion that individuals are ends in themselves is illusory and harmful: “the individual, by self-sacrifice, the renunciation of self-interest, by death itself, can achieve that purely spiritual existence in which his value as a man consists.” The only liberty is, therefore, the liberty of the individual within the State. The “Fascist State—a synthesis and a unit inclusive of all values—interprets, develops, and potentiates the whole life of a people.” Rejecting socialist dreams of universal peace, of the value of good will, Fascism “trains its guns on the whole block of democratic ideologies, and rejects their practical applications and implements.” Continue reading On Fascism from the Pleasures of Owning Persons by Volney Gay